Background: Hyperreactio Luteinalis (HL) is a rare condition during spontaneous pregnancy characterized by bilaterally, or in rare cases, unilaterally enlarged ovaries containing multiple self-limited theca lutein cysts, usually associated with high maternal serum levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and hyperandrogenic state. Most of the patients require surgical intervention during their pregnancy because of ovarian torsion, preeclampsia, syndrome of hemolysis, elevated liver enzyme levels, and low platelet levels (HELLP), or to rule out ovarian malignancy. However, we can avoid unnecessary surgical intervention with accurate diagnosis of HL by means of laboratory tests and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Case Report: A 27-year-old pregnant woman with gestational age of 27 weeks was admitted with labor pain and complicated with HELLP syndrome. In ultrasonography, bilateral and multiple ovarian cysts were seen.Conclusion: Reviewing this case suggests a relationship between HL and HELLP syndrome and may help to explain the underlying causes of preeclampsia; HL may be a predictor of preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome in pregnancy.

Statement of Problem: Radiography is the most common technique in working length determination, however, because of its limitations is not considered as an ideal technique. Its application, particularly for children due to radiation hazards, technical problems in young and unco-operative children and the superimposition of permanent teeth bud on primary teeth root, lead to numerous problems.Purpose: The goal of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of an electronic apex locator (EAL) in working length determination of primary teeth. Materials and Methods: In this in-vitro study 96 canals of the extracted primary teeth, with at least 2/3 of the root length remained, were investigated. There were no obstructed canal, previous root canal therapy and perforation of pulp chamber floor. All working lengths were also measured by radiography. The results of Raypex 4 and radiography were compared with actual root canal lengths determined by direct observation. The applied EAL, in this study was called Raypex 4, a new device belonged to the fourth generation (Ratio Type). The results were analyzed by Chi-Square and Pearson correlation statistical tests.Results: The accuracy of Raypex and radiography were 61.5% and 63.5%, respectively. The differences between Reypex 4 root canal length measurements and those of direct observation were not significant (P=0.08), but such difference between radiography and direct observation was statistically significant (P=0.01). The diameter of the apical foramen (the site of canal opening) did not affect on Raypex 4 accuray (P>0.05).Conclusion: Considering the acceptable safetyness, Painlessness, simple and rapid application and an accuracy comparable to that of radiography, the use of Raypex4 EAL for the measurement of primary teeth length is suggested.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of using portulaca oleracea as a source of plant antioxidants for feeding fattening male lambs, on carcass traits, meat quality, and oxidative stability. Twenty-one male lambs with an average weight of 24±1.5 kg and 150±15 days old were fed with one of the experimental rations included a diet without portulaca oleracea as control, a diet containing 7.5%, and a diet containing 15% portulaca oleracea, for 84 days. The muscle (Longissimus dorsi) samplewas used to determine pH, chemical composition, colorimetric properties, and oxidative stability of meat. Meat lipid oxidation was determined after 1, 7, and 30 days of refrigerated storage using thiobarbituric acid (TBARS). The use of portulaca oleracea in diets improved meat color characteristics such as L, chroma, and Hue. The highest ash concentration and the lowest meat moisture were observed in the treatment of 15% portulaca oleracea (P<0.05). Meat pH was the lowest in the first hour after slaughter but did not differ at 24 h. Compared to the control, in both treatment groups feeding the lambs with portulaca significantly reduced the concentration of Malondialdehyde in the meat of the lambs and increased the meat oxidative stability (P<0.05). The results of this experiment showed that feeding portulaca oleracea by improving properties such as color and increasing the meat oxidative stability improves meat quality, which may have lead to an increase in its nutritional value in terms of human health.

Background: Informal electronic waste (e-waste) recycling is an increasingly important industry worldwide. However, few studies have studied the health risks in this group of workers. Objective: To assess the associations between occupational exposures to metals and genetic instability and renal markers among e-waste recycling workers. Methods: We recruited informal e-waste recycling workers from a community in northeastern Thailand. Participants completed a questionnaire, several health measurements, and provided urine and blood samples, which we then analyzed for a number of metals including lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and manganese (Mn). Samples were analyzed for a marker of RNA and DNA damage (ie, oxidative stress), 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and fractional excretion of calcium (FECa%) were measured as markers of renal function. Correlations and regression models were used to assess associations between these various factors. Results: We found significantly higher levels of Cd and Pb in blood of men compared with those in women. Men who worked >48 hours/week had significantly higher levels of 8-OHdG compared with men who worked ≤ 48 hours/week. Smoking was significantly associated with higher blood Pb and Cd concentrations among men. Conclusion: Our results suggest gender differences in both blood concentrations of metals associated with e-waste recycling and smoking and highlight potentially elevated oxidative stress associated with longer work hours. Health promotion efforts are needed among informal e-waste recyclers to reduce possible risks of renal damage and cancer.

Introduction: Radiography is the most common method for measurement of working length, but it is not the ideal method. The application of radiography in children is more dangerous and difficult in respect to radiation hazard, technical problems, superimposition of permanent teeth bud on primary teeth, and so on. Electronic Apex Locator (EAL) is a device for determination of working length. In the present study, we evaluated the in vitro accuracy of EAL in Measuring resorbed root canal length in primary teeth.Materials & Methods: This analytical-descriptive study was conducted on 112 canals of extracted primary teeth that had at least 2.3 of root length. After preparation of the access cavity and removing pulp chamber tissue, the lengths of the canals were measured by Dentaport ZX and the real length of the canals were determined straightly with 0.5 mm accuracy. Then two measurements were compared. Data were analyzed by paired T test and intra class correlation and p<0.05 was considered as the limit of significance.Results: The accuracy of Dentaport ZX for carefully determination of apical foramen was 52.7% and in the range of -0.5 to +0.5 mm from apical foramen was 91.1%. There were a straight powerful linear correlation between measurements by eye and Dentaport ZX.Conclusion: According to the results of this study, using Dentaport ZX in endodontic treatment for primary teeth especially for non-cooperative children is recommended.

Background and Aim: Radiography is the most commonly used technique in root canal length determination, but its application in pedodontics is difficult due to many problems such as radiation hazards, superimposition of permanent teeth buds and uncooperative children. The aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy of an electronic apex locator (Dentaport ZX) in measuring the root canal length of primary teeth in vivo. Materials and Methods: In this test evaluation study, pulp tissues of 52 primary teeth planned to extraction were removed and the canal length were measured by Dentaport ZX. After extraction, real lengths of canals were measured by using# 15 K-Type file with 0. 1 mm accuracy and both measurements were compared. Data were analyzed by Smirnov Kolmogorov, chi-square, ANOVA and intraclass correlation and p<0.05 was considered as the limit of significance. Results: The difference between the canal lengths measured by eye and Dentaport ZX was–0.17±0.384 mm. Maximum deviation of the real length of canals was between-0.2 to+0.2 mm from apical foramen. Accuracy of Dentaport ZX in the range of-0.2 to+0.2 from apical foramen was 66.96% and in the range of-0.5 to+0.5 from apical foramen was 92.17%. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the use of Dentaport ZX in endodontic treatment for primary teeth could be advisable.

The study objective was to evaluate the effects of reducing dietary starch content in fresh cow diets while maintaining NDF levels by substituting barley grain (BG), corn silage (CS), or both with beet pulp (BP) on DMI, lactation performance, serum mineral and metabolites concentrations, liver enzymes and liver functionality index (LFI), serum insulin and revised quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (RQUICKI). Thirty-six multiparous cows were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 experimental diets from calving to 21 days in lactation. Experimental diets were a high-starch diet with ground BG (CO; 24.9% starch; 0% BP) and 3 low-starch diets where BP substituted for either BG (BB; 19.6% starch; 7% BP), CS (BC; 20.6% starch; 12% BP) or CS and BG (BCB; 20.3% starch; 12% BP). Relative to CO cows (16.50 kg/d), DMI was greater for BC (17.70 kg/d) and BCB (17.50 kg/d) cows, but it was lesser in BB (15.60 kg/d) cows. Similar to DMI results, milk yields tended to be greater for BC (37.89 kg/d) and BCB cows (37.81 kg/d) compared to CO cows (35.41 kg/d), but BB cows (33.05 kg/d) tended to produce less milk than CO cows. Relative to CO, cows fed BB had lower serum glucose concentrations, whereas cows fed BC and BCB had higher serum glucose. Serum insulin concentrations were lower for BB cows than for other exprimental groups. Relative to CO, serum NEFA and BHB concentrations were lower for BC and BCB, but was similar between BB and CO. The RQUICKI was lower for CO, BC cows than BB cows, and cows in BCB tended to have less RQUICKI compared to BB during postpartum. The concentrations of gamma glutamyl transferase were lower in BC and BCB cows relative to CO and BB cows. The cows fed CO and BB had higher serum bilirubin relative to cows fed BC and BCB diets. Although, LFI for CO cows was similar to cows on BB, BC and BCB, BC cows had higher LFI than BB cows and tended to have greater LFI than CO cows. Overall, reducing dietary starch by replacing CS (BC) or a mix of CS and BG (BCB) with BP positively affected DMI and milk yield and indicated improved energy metabolism and liver function during the first 21 d of lactation compared to when BP was fed instead of BG to reduce starch (BB).

The present paper discusses the management of electronic records and systems available in this field. It defines concepts such as records, governmental records etc. to facilitate the understanding of the issue. It is concluded that in the organization of electronic records, the fundamentals of record preservation must be considered as well as record management systems and large amounts of research must be carried out in this regard in order to choose the best method for machine cataloguing of archival resources.

Background and Aim: Determining correct working length in root canal therapy is of great importance in successful treatment. The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of two electronic apex locators of fourth generation, Raypex4 and Apit7, in determining working length in vivo. Materials and Methods: In this test evaluation study performed at Dental School of Tehran University, a total of 32 single canal vital teeth planned for extraction because of orthodontic and prosthetic reasons were selected. Working length determination by each of the two electronic apex locators was performed by two different dentists. These measurements were compared with direct visual measurement after tooth extraction. The dentists working with devices and the endodontist who determined the working length of the extracted teeth as well as the statistician, all were blind regarding the results. The data were compared using binominal distribution test with P<0.05 as the limit of significance. Results: The accuracy of actual length determination of Raypex4 was 68.8% in the limit of ± 0.5 and 83.3% in the limit of ±1. From the actual length measurements, 75.1% were within the tolerance of +0.5 to-1. The accuracy of the working length determination by Raypex4 was 68.8% within the tolerance of ± 0.5 and 84.3% within the tolerance of ± 1. Taking the tolerance of + 0.5 to -1 mm into account, the accuracy of the instrument was about 78.8%. The accuracy of actual length determination of Apit7 was 65.7% in the limit of ±0.5 and 78.3% in the limit of ±1. Compared to the visual length determination, 78.8% of the actual length measurements were within the tolerance of +0.5 to-1. The accuracy of the working length determination was 62.6% within the tolerance of ±0.5 and 81.3% within the tolerance of ±1. Taking the tolerance of + 0.5 to -1 mm into account, the accuracy of the instrument was about 75.1%. Conclusion: Raypex4 and Apit7 had similar accuracy in determining the actual length. However, they still can not replace the routine methods of actual length determination.